• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, said holographic optical element (1) being a passive device for controlling the level of illumination in both structures and interiors, which has a laminar body formed by a series of superimposed layers, comprising a first outer layer formed by transparent support means (2), a second outer layer opposite to the previous one, formed by protection means (3) and, intermediate to said first and second outer layers comprises a layer formed by a phase-by-reflection hologram (4) disposed adjacent the first outer layer and at least one layer formed by means of light suppression or darkening. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2706397A1
    申请号:ES201731158
    申请日:2017-09-28
    公开日:2019-03-28
    发明作者:Abellan Pedro Mas；Gil Antonio Fimia
    申请人:Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Optical hybrid holographic element of spectral lighting control
    [0003]
    [0004] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention corresponds to the technical field of the holographic optical elements of spectral lighting control, in particular to those that refer to passive devices for the control of the level of illumination in both structures and interiors.
    [0007]
    [0008] Background of the Invention
    [0009]
    [0010] At present, there are some important energy demands in society and its tendency is increasing. To the basic energy demand of a conventional building, formed by the energy necessary to supply the services of heating, cooling, production of sanitary hot water and lighting, must be added the growing demand due to the need of connection to the Internet of both people and the digital interconnection of everyday objects with the internet, known as the "internet of things".
    [0011]
    [0012] Likewise, in the automotive field, the tendency of change of internal combustion engines by electric motors, raises again greater energy demands in the short term.
    [0013]
    [0014] Therefore, it is evident that there is a need to increase energy production and / or to find means to avoid wasting the existing one. Solar energy is a source of renewable and clean energy that is already being exploited through the use of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors that collect this energy.
    [0015]
    [0016] But, in addition to the installation of panels on which sunlight strikes, for obtaining energy, there are places and circumstances in which, being sunlight annoying, it is about it to avoid it and / or redirect it preventing its incidence in the same, but does not propose to give a use to that part of light that is reoriented to another place, there being therefore a clear waste of it.
    [0017]
    [0018] Thus, a possible example of this waste is in glass buildings or with large windows in which the incidence of solar radiation is uncomfortable for the existing people in the interior and also generates an increase in temperatures in these rooms and the building in general. Currently it is solved by placing blinds or by installing tinted windows in the windows, which prevents the passage of light and therefore reduces the radiation inside the building.
    [0019]
    [0020] In this way, there is a part of the incident light in said structure, which is discarded preventing access to it. This part of the incident light is diverted and wasted, because there is no way to control the light spectrum at present, in order to redirect the part that interests and take advantage of it in the generation of energy, this energy being also clean and renewable.
    [0021]
    [0022] On the other hand, analyzing the basis of a holographic optical element, this consists in the storage of a variable interferential structure in a photosensitive medium. Through holography it is possible to store multiple waves through the process known as multiplexing and, applying this to the holographic optical elements, allows the extension of the range of functionality thereof.
    [0023]
    [0024] A long-term goal has been the replacement of conventional optics with holographic optics, both in reflection systems and transmission systems, although chromatic dispersion is one of its biggest problems.
    [0025]
    [0026] As in conventional optics, combinations of holographic optical elements can be generated to achieve optical functionality that allows conventional optical systems to be improved, resulting in systems of lower weight or greater size.
    [0027]
    [0028] The multiplexing can achieve the storage of more than one object wave, the storage of more than one wavelength or even, the storage combination of holographic optical elements by reflection and / or transmission.
    [0029]
    [0030] It would be interesting to develop a certain holographic optical element such that, in a passive way, that is, without the need for an electrical power supply, it would be able to correctly control the level of illumination that reaches it, according to the interests of the user, for use in structures or interior rooms.
    [0031]
    [0032] If this objective were achieved, it would be possible to control the luminous intensity that affects certain structures, or inside them, in a completely passive way, that is to say, without the need to activate these elements with any energetic means, but by their own nature, they are designed to regulate the amount of light that passes through them.
    [0033]
    [0034] No holographic optical element achieving this purpose has been found in the state of the art.
    [0035]
    [0036] As an example of the state of the art, reference documents WO2008049914, US2012200831, US5071210, US2014117260, ES2217330, ES2086303, WO02061500, US2012281270, ES2191437 and ES2563645 can be mentioned.
    [0037]
    [0038] Reference document WO2008049914 defines a holographic display device comprising a first OLED array that writes in a first OASLM (spatially directed optical light modulator), the first OLED array and the first OASLM form adjacent layers and likewise with a second OLED array and a second OASLM. The device generates a holographic reconstruction when an array of red beams illuminate the first and second OASLM. The first and second OASLM are controlled by the first and second OLED arrays. This device allows independent control of phase and amplitude.
    [0039]
    [0040] In this case, this document refers to a holographic viewer. The objective of this device is the generation of 3D images for displays such as mobile phones, television screens, etc., as well as the visualization of computer-generated holograms, but in no way is it a matter of generating lighting control.
    [0041]
    [0042] This device has a multilayer configuration, that is, it consists of many sublayers and each of them deals with an element, so that the layers consist of various light emitting elements (OLED) and spatial light modulators (OASLM). The first pair of layers (OLED and OASLM) allows to modulate the amplitude of the array of light beams generated by the LED and the second pair of layers (OLED and OASLM) modulates the phases of the light array. These configurations allow the 3D visualization of the information that is sent by the LED light. Therefore, it is a system that presents active light devices (light generators) and where the subsequent sublayers only modify certain characteristics of said light to provide 3D images, but it does not present holograms of phase or amplitude, nor polarizing elements, It is not a passive lighting control device.
    [0043] Reference document US2012200831 defines an optical element with a polarization separation layer laminated on the surface of the light guide that transmits polarized light on the x-axis and reflects the polarized light on the y-axis. The polarization hologram layer is laminated to the separation layer, which diffracts the polarized light on the x-axis, with a range of incident angle prescribed to another prescribed diffraction angle and converts polarized light on the x-axis to polarized light on the Axis y.
    [0044]
    [0045] In this case, the optical element is again focused on displays or screens, both computers, mobile devices and TV. They try to improve the light emission of the current LED screens. In this invention, it is a question of generating light in the system to illuminate the screen, for which they have carrier generation layers, plasmon excitation layers, etc. trying to generate light with them.
    [0046]
    [0047] That is why it is referred to optical elements (because they treat light), light emitting sources and projection displays that use the plasmon layer to emit light, but they are active elements that require electricity generation, and not optical elements passive control of lighting in spaces.
    [0048]
    [0049] Reference document US5071210 discloses a holographic transmission element composed of a first and a second holographic optical reflection element paired adhesively so that the distance separating the two elements is not greater than a few wavelengths of the incident light beam. These two elements work as a single holographic element of transmission.
    [0050]
    [0051] This document attempts to generate a transmission hologram by overlapping two reflection holograms. Transmission holograms, as the name suggests, transmit the full spectrum of visible light, by diverting each wavelength (color) to a different direction. Reflection holograms reflect part of the spectrum of visible light, letting the rest pass and thus acting as a filter.
    [0052]
    [0053] In this document, two reflection holograms are used to allow the passage of a part of the spectrum (as a reflection hologram but functioning as a transmission), that is, the objective is to make a simple transmission hologram with the spectral filtering provided by the of reflexion. For this purpose, they overlap and seal in an inverted way, two reflection holograms with different configurations to take advantage of the diffractive properties of the holograms and thus work together as if it were a transmission hologram but improving its optical characteristics.
    [0054]
    [0055] In this document, therefore, it is not a matter of controlling the luminous intensity but only of selecting a band of the spectrum to be transmitted.
    [0056]
    [0057] Reference document US2014117260 defines a holographic gray scale structure having a millimeter wave transmissive material that is provided together with a surface designed to provide different degrees of phase delay as the wave front passes through the material. The possible use of holographic optical elements and of different layers with different phase delay per layer is mentioned.
    [0058]
    [0059] In this case it is a matter of generating a radiofrequency collimator. A collimated beam is a beam of radiation in which the wave front of the beam is flat.
    [0060]
    [0061] Any light emitter generates light but the wave front has no flat shape. For certain applications it is necessary that the wave front be flat, since it is easier to control a flat surface than a sphere or something non-uniform. This document, by means of a complex configuration, with a gray scale hologram and a radiofrequency system, produce this collimation for radiofrequency. These holograms are computer generated and aim to make a spherical wave of radiofrequency, after passing through your system, come out as a flat wave, but does not seek control of lighting levels by holograms.
    [0062]
    [0063] The reference document ES2217330 defines a device with two holograms, each of which has the same diffraction grating, so that both holograms induce the same diffraction angle depending on the wavelength and also each hologram has the same index of medium refraction The second hologram is positioned parallel to the first and with an intermediate optical material of a chosen refractive index. By establishing a particular refractive index for the intermediate optical material, it can be made that a wavelength-dependent variation in the refractive angle induced by the intermediate optical material is equal and opposite to the wavelength-dependent variation in the The angle of diffraction induced by the first hologram, so that the angles mutually cancel each wavelength of an incident optical beam having a given angle of entry for the first hologram of the optical device.
    [0064] The objective in this case is to create an optical device that does not control the brightness, but transmits light beams, which produces an output beam without marginal dispersion, so as to produce a destructive interference for all phases and lengths of light. incident wave over a bandwidth of at least 1% more or less than the central wavelength of a coherent light source such as a laser. Therefore, the same objective is not sought, nor is it a passive holographic optical element, but rather an active element.
    [0065]
    [0066] The reference document ES2086303 determines a hologram lens with a focal length dependent on the wavelength of the incident light, arranged to be positioned at an angle of the optical beam of the tunable laser. The lens causes light to converge to a degree that depends on the wavelength. The focal point on an image plane is swept in the directions shown by arrows.
    [0067]
    [0068] In this case, the document deals with a holographic light deviator. Thus, it is intended to change the direction of propagation of a laser light by means of holograms so as not to use conventional optics that require movement.
    [0069]
    [0070] To do this, they take advantage of the properties of transmission holograms that transmit the entire spectrum of visible light, diverting each wavelength (color) to a different direction. Thus, they try to realize a system in which, depending on the input wavelength provided by a tunable laser, the output occurs in one direction or another.
    [0071]
    [0072] Therefore, the diffractive properties of the transmission holograms are used here, changing the direction of light output. This can only be done with monochromatic light (a single wavelength, a single color), so it only works with laser light. They use a tunable laser, which can emit many colors (but one at a time). It does not try to control the intensity of light, nor work with white light, or multilayers of various holograms or polarizers.
    [0073]
    [0074] Reference document WO02061500 presents a method for spectral filtering of optical radiation. A holographic network is engraved on the various layers so that each layer of the photosensitive material contains a portion thereof. The optical output signal is formed as a result of the interference of the reflected light due to the diffraction of Bragg. The reflected light propagates through the electro-optical layers that lie between the photosensitive layers.
    [0075]
    [0076] In this case, it is a matter of performing a spectral filter of optical radiation, more specifically of making a narrow-band tunable optical filter. These filters are quite common and are aimed at filtering for optical communications.
    [0077]
    [0078] The objective is the filtering of the light that transports information through the waveguides. It is a tunable method and uses photorefractive and electro-optical materials, so they are active materials that vary their optical properties according to the electric charge they receive. In this case, multilayers of phase or amplitude holograms are not used, they do not handle white light, but mainly the LED or laser light typical of optical communications and they do not try to control the light intensity.
    [0079]
    [0080] This invention is framed in the field of optical communications and information transfer.
    [0081]
    [0082] Reference document US2012281270 presents a phase change optical element that includes a stack of color filters, a hologram, a diffraction grating, or layers with materials with specific thickness and refractive indices dependent on the wavelength.
    [0083]
    [0084] In this case, it is about generating tunable color light (RGB) projectors systems, illuminated by broadband light. They are framed in the sector of the displays for screens on mobile devices, TV, computers, etc. They use electromechanical systems to generate white light by emitting RGB light (red, green and blue) typical of the pixels of the screens.
    [0085]
    [0086] In addition, they use electromechanical devices and therefore not passive. Do not try to control the intensity of light, but try to general a pixel of light to be used in the screens. They use a white light source in the device and try to manipulate it to obtain the RGB that provides the colors required by the pixel at all times.
    [0087]
    [0088] Reference document ES2191437 discloses an optical multilayer system prepared using modified inorganic solutions and a heat treatment process.
    [0089] In this case, a method of generating a multilayer optical system, like many others existing in the state of the art, for use in interference filters and anti-reflective filters is presented. These filters are common in optics for communications. In this case they try to perform a construction method by depositing a sol-gel solution, polymerization, etc., not using polarizers, holograms, etc.
    [0090]
    [0091] They do not try to control the intensity of light, but rather the realization of anti-reflective filters and interference filters for optical communications.
    [0092]
    [0093] Reference document ES2563645 discloses a modular system with a holographic optical element, connected in a fixed structure to an optical concentrator with a very similar refractive index. The optical concentrator is designed to concentrate the radiation of the holographic optical element. A radiation receiver, for example a photovoltaic solar cell, is located at the focal length of the optical concentrator, which means that it is again an active and non-passive system.
    [0094]
    [0095] Therefore the conclusion obtained is that a passive device formed by a holographic optical element whose objective is the control of the luminosity in structures and rooms is not known in the state of the art.
    [0096]
    [0097] Description of the invention
    [0098]
    [0099] The holographic optical element (HOE) hybrid of spectral lighting control, said holographic optical element being a passive device for controlling the level of illumination in both structures and interiors that is presented here is formed by a laminar body with a series of superimposed layers , comprising a first outer layer formed by transparent support means, a second outer layer opposite to the previous one, formed by means of protection and, intermediate to said first and second outer layers comprises a layer formed by a hologram of reflection phase disposed adjacent to the first outer layer and at least one layer formed by means of light suppression or darkening.
    [0100]
    [0101] According to a preferred embodiment, the light suppression or darkening means comprise a layer formed by a holographic amplitude filter.
    [0102] According to another preferred embodiment, the means of light suppression or darkening comprise two adjacent layers each formed by a polarizer.
    [0103]
    [0104] According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, the HOE comprises an additional layer formed by a phase hologram per transmission, disposed between the phase hologram layer by reflection and the at least one layer of the light suppression or darkening means. , adjacent to both.
    [0105]
    [0106] According to a preferred embodiment, the HOE comprises a layer formed by a diffuser arranged adjacent to the light suppression or darkening means.
    [0107]
    [0108] According to a preferred embodiment, the diffuser is formed by a holographic diffuser.
    [0109]
    [0110] According to another preferred embodiment, the diffuser has characteristics suitable for the protection of the holographic optical element, such that the protection means forming the second outer layer are formed by said diffuser.
    [0111]
    [0112] In this case and in a preferred embodiment, the diffuser is formed by a frosted glass.
    [0113]
    [0114] According to another aspect, in a preferred embodiment, the protection means are formed by a transparent layer formed by methacrylate, acetate, glass, tempered glass or transparent material with similar strength characteristics.
    [0115]
    [0116] According to a preferred embodiment, the transparent support means forming the first outer layer are formed by a layer of methacrylate, acetate, glass, tempered glass or transparent material with similar strength characteristics.
    [0117]
    [0118] In another preferred embodiment, the reflection phase hologram comprises a support layer thereof and the transparent support means forming the first outer layer are formed by said support layer.
    [0119]
    [0120] According to another aspect, at least one of the layers of the holographic optical element has a different size from the rest.
    [0121] With the hybrid holographic optical element of spectral lighting control proposed here, a significant improvement of the state of the art is obtained.
    [0122]
    [0123] This is so that a holographic optical element consisting of a passive device is achieved, with which it is possible to control the level of illumination for structures or interiors, while allowing spectrally control light, both outside the structure and inward
    [0124]
    [0125] With this HOE, a series of optical functionalities consisting of a control of the spectral reflectance, a control of the spectral and spatial focusing, a control of the spectral transmittance, a control of the spatial reflectance are allowed to be performed simultaneously and simultaneously. angularly spectral and spatially and angularly focused control.
    [0126]
    [0127] In this way and thanks to its multilayer constitution, where each of them presents each function, an effect or another can be obtained depending on the combination of layers of which it is formed.
    [0128]
    [0129] Thus, with this HOE it is always possible to control the spectral reflectance by means of the layer formed by the phase hologram by reflection and the amount of luminous intensity that enters the structure, by means of light suppression or darkening.
    [0130]
    [0131] Apart from this, it is possible to redirect part of the spectrum not blocked by the phase hologram by reflection, towards the interior of the structure, by means of a phase hologram by transmission and, if a diffuser is also provided, a uniform illumination is achieved.
    [0132]
    [0133] Therefore, a holographic optical element is achieved that achieves both the control of the luminosity that affects a structure, and the type of radiation that manages to access it. Furthermore, with the spectral control of the radiation, it is possible to reuse the diverted radiation, reorienting it to take advantage of it in energy generation for example. And this, both with the radiation diverted to the outside and with the radiation that is allowed to access the interior.
    [0134]
    [0135] A simple and practical HOE is achieved in this way, which achieves a high energy efficiency by taking advantage of the radiation incident on the structures.
    [0136] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0137]
    [0138] In order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a series of drawings is provided as an integral part of said description where, in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, it has been represented the following:
    [0139]
    [0140] Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the section of the holographic optical element for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0141]
    [0142] Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the layers of the holographic optical element for a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0143]
    [0144] Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the section of the holographic optical element for a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
    [0145]
    [0146] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0147]
    [0148] In view of the figures provided, it can be seen how, in a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the optical holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control proposed here is a passive device for controlling the level of light. lighting both in structures and interiors.
    [0149]
    [0150] This holographic optical element (1) is formed by a laminar body with a series of superimposed layers, comprising a first outer layer formed by a transparent support means (2), a second outer layer opposite to the previous one, formed by means of protection (3) and, intermediate to said first and second outer layers comprises a layer formed by a phase hologram by reflection (4) arranged adjacent to the transparent support means (2) forming the first outer layer and, at least one layer formed by means of light suppression or darkening.
    [0151]
    [0152] Said transparent support means (2) has a protective function and in this first preferred embodiment of the invention are formed by methacrylate, this first outer layer being of a larger size than the rest of the layers of the holographic optical element, as it can be Observed in Figure 2.
    [0153] The protection means (3) forming the second outer layer also have a function of protection against shock, humidity ... and provide stability, tightness and robustness to the holographic optical element (1).
    [0154]
    [0155] For its part, the layer formed by the phase hologram by reflection (4) controls the variables of reflected wavelength, the bandwidth of the reflected spectrum, the focusing factor and the direction of reflection. This layer has the purpose of reflecting part of the spectrum outwards, thus performing a spectral filtering, while concentrating the light and directing it where necessary and, this feature is exploited in this first preferred embodiment of the invention, to use that part of the filtered spectrum to reuse it generating energy.
    [0156]
    [0157] With reference to the means of suppression of luminosity or darkening, these consist of one or more layers that control the amount of light intensity that accesses the interior, in a certain percentage depending on the nature of the said layers used, and that it is comprised between 0 and 100%, once the reflection losses in the layers that precede said means are considered.
    [0158]
    [0159] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this first preferred embodiment of the invention, the means of light suppression or darkening comprise a layer formed by a holographic filter of amplitude (5.1).
    [0160]
    [0161] In this first embodiment, the holographic amplitude filter (5.1) is a transmission hologram and controls the amount of light entering the structure. For this, the hologram of amplitude can have variable density, being able to let pass from 100% of light up to 30% of the light that hits the layer, once considered the losses by reflection in the layers that precede this filter.
    [0162]
    [0163] Furthermore, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the holographic optical element (1) comprises an additional layer formed by a transmission phase hologram (6), arranged between the layer of the reflection phase hologram (4) and said Holographic filter of amplitude (5.1) that forms the means of light suppression or darkening, adjacent to both.
    [0164] With this layer of the phase hologram by transmission (6), the part of the unblocked spectrum is redirected by the layer of the phase hologram by reflection (4) towards the interior.
    [0165]
    [0166] As this layer is able to concentrate the light and direct it where necessary, it is used to redirect that part of the radiation and use it for a certain purpose, such as the generation of energy.
    [0167]
    [0168] Thus, since both reflection and transmission phase holograms (4, 6) exist, located prior to the light suppression or darkening means, the percentage of brightness at which the passage is prevented by said light suppression means or dimming, is comprised between 100 and 30% of the light that reaches them, that is, the percentage that is allowed to pass through the phase hologram by reflection (4) and the phase hologram by transmission (6) .
    [0169]
    [0170] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this first preferred embodiment of the invention, the holographic optical element (1) further comprises a layer formed by a diffuser (7) arranged adjacent to the light suppression means or darkening.
    [0171]
    [0172] In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the diffuser (7) has characteristics suitable for the protection of the holographic optical element (1), being formed by a frosted glass, so that the protection means (3) that make up the second outer layer are formed by said diffuser (7) and thus, as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the diffuser layer (7) coincides with the second outer layer.
    [0173]
    [0174] In this specification a second preferred embodiment of the invention is proposed in which the holographic optical element (1), as shown in Figure 3, again presents a first outer layer formed by transparent support means (2) , a second outer layer formed by means of protection (3), as well as a layer formed by a phase hologram by reflection (4) and at least one layer formed by means of light suppression or darkening.
    [0175]
    [0176] In this second preferred embodiment of the invention, the phase hologram by reflection (4) comprises a supporting layer thereof, so that the means of transparent support (2) forming the first outer layer are formed by said support layer.
    [0177]
    [0178] In this second preferred embodiment of the invention, as can be seen in Figure 3, the holographic optical element (1) comprises, as in the first proposed mode, an additional layer formed by a phase hologram by transmission (6) , arranged adjacently to the layer of the phase hologram by reflection (4), placed between it and the means of light suppression or darkening.
    [0179]
    [0180] As shown in Figure 3, in this second preferred embodiment of the invention, the means of light suppression or darkening comprise two adjacent layers each formed by a polarizer (5.2). Both polarizers (5.2) control the amount of light intensity that accesses the interior and depending on the relative angle between them can pass between 30 and 0% of the light that falls on them, once considered the losses by reflection.
    [0181]
    [0182] In this second preferred embodiment of the invention, the holographic optical element (1) further comprises a layer formed by a diffuser (7) arranged adjacent to the means of light suppression or darkening. In this case, it is formed by a holographic diffuser.
    [0183]
    [0184] The second outer layer formed by the protective means (3) is formed in this second embodiment by a transparent layer of methacrylate.
    [0185]
    [0186] In this second preferred embodiment of the invention, all the layers of the holographic optical element (1) have the same size.
    [0187]
    [0188] The embodiments described are only examples of the present invention, therefore, the specific details, terms and phrases used herein are not to be considered as limiting, but are to be understood only as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis that provides an understandable description as well as sufficient information to the person skilled in the art to apply the present invention.
    [0189]
    [0190] With the optical holographic hybrid element of spectral lighting control that is presented here, important improvements are obtained with respect to the state of the art.
    [0191] It is a holographic optical element that, in a passive way, is able to perform a spectral control of the lighting in structures and interiors, so that only that part of the radiation that is of interest in each specific case is passed, and in addition, it can redirect both the part of the said radiation rejected towards the outside, as the part that is allowed to access the interior, to be used in the generation of energy.
    [0192]
    [0193] This is achieved with the two layers formed by reflection and transmission phase holograms.
    [0194]
    [0195] The phase hologram by reflection is able to control the reflectance spectrum of the layer, being able to reflect totally or partially all or part of the visible, ultraviolet or infrared spectrum, according to the need or application required and can also have focusing properties that allow a uniform reflection of the desired spectrum range, producing a divergent reflection or focusing this reflection at a desired position and distance, so that it can be used, for example in power generation.
    [0196]
    [0197] On the other hand, the phase hologram by transmission controls the transmittance spectrum of the layer being able to reflect totally or partially all or part of the visible, ultraviolet or infrared spectrum, again according to the concrete need. This layer complements the previous one, blocking or allowing part of the radiation allowed by it to pass through and, like that layer, it is able to modify the direction of radiation propagation to which it is allowed access to the interior, focusing it or making it diverge
    [0198]
    [0199] Therefore, in addition to controlling the level of luminosity in structures and interiors, this optical holographic element is able to take advantage of the spectrum of light that interests it in different uses, such as lighting or generating energy, which is why it is very effective.
    [0200]
    [0201] This holographic optical element is also a passive device, so it does not need power, has very low maintenance costs and allows a sustainable energy production, so it is highly recommended.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [0001]
    1- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, said holographic optical element (1) being a passive device for controlling the level of illumination in both structures and interiors, characterized in that it has a laminar body formed by a series of superimposed layers, comprising a first outer layer formed by a transparent support means (2), a second outer layer opposite to the previous one, formed by a protection means (3) and, intermediate to said first and second layers The outer layer comprises a layer formed by a phase-by-reflection hologram (4) disposed adjacent to the first outer layer and at least one layer formed by means of light suppression or darkening.
    2- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid spectral lighting control, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of light suppression or darkening comprise a layer formed by a holographic filter amplitude (5.1).
    3- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid spectral lighting control, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of light suppression or darkening comprise two adjacent layers each formed by a polarizer (5.2).
    4- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an additional layer formed by a phase hologram by transmission (6), arranged between the layer of the phase hologram by reflection (4) and the at least one layer of the light suppression or darkening means, adjacent to both.
    5- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid spectral lighting control according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a layer formed by a diffuser (7) arranged adjacent to the means of light suppression or darkening.
    6- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, according to claim 5, characterized in that the diffuser (7) is formed by a holographic diffuser.
    7- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, according to claim 5, characterized in that the diffuser (7) has characteristics suitable for the protection of the holographic optical element (1), such that the protection means (3) ) forming the second outer layer are formed by said diffuser (7).
    8- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, according to claim 7, characterized in that the diffuser (7) is formed by a ground glass.
    9- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid spectral lighting control, according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the protection means (3) that make up the second outer layer are formed by a transparent layer formed by methacrylate, acetate, glass, tempered glass or transparent material with similar strength characteristics.
    10- Optical holographic optical element (1) hybrid spectral lighting control, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent support means (2) that make up the first outer layer are formed by a layer of methacrylate, acetate, glass , tempered glass or transparent material with similar strength characteristics.
    11- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the phase hologram by reflection (4) comprises a support layer thereof and transparent support means ( 2) forming the first outer layer are formed by said support layer.
    12- Holographic optical element (1) hybrid of spectral lighting control, according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one of the layers has a different size from the rest.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2706397B2|2020-07-28|
    WO2019063864A1|2019-04-04|
    WO2019063864A4|2019-06-13|
    引用文献:
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    US6486928B1|1998-06-10|2002-11-26|Saint-Gobian Glass France|Electrically controllable system having a separate functional component for controlling light transmission that includes at least one transparent layer slowing photo reduction degradation of an active element|
    EP1387215A1|2002-08-01|2004-02-04|E.I.Du pont de nemours and company|Optical element resistant to pressure-induced defects|
    WO2014018312A1|2012-07-26|2014-01-30|3M Innovative Properties Company|Heat de-bondable adhesive articles|
    EP2947701A1|2013-01-21|2015-11-25|Holomedia LLC|Light-concentrating mechanism, photovoltaic power generation device, window structure, and window glass|
    US20160027943A1|2014-07-25|2016-01-28|Guardian Industries Corp.|Concentrating photovoltaic skylight based on holograms and/or methods of making the same|
    WO2016183201A1|2015-05-12|2016-11-17|Nitto Denko Corporation|Solar energy collection systems utilizing holographic optical elements useful for building integrated photovoltaics|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201731158A|ES2706397B2|2017-09-28|2017-09-28|Illumination spectral control hybrid holographic optical element|ES201731158A| ES2706397B2|2017-09-28|2017-09-28|Illumination spectral control hybrid holographic optical element|
    PCT/ES2018/070628| WO2019063864A1|2017-09-28|2018-09-28|Hybrid holographic optical element for spectral illumination control|
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